Objective?To investigate the efficacy of the timing of assisted physical vibration lithotripsy（EPVL）after ureteroscopy for the removal of intrarenal residual stones（RIRS）after flexible lithotripsy. Methods?A total of 180 patients with upper urinary tract stones treated by ureteroscopy from June 2018 to December 2019 at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were retrospectively enrolled，and divided into group A，group B，and the control group，with 60 patients in each group. All patients underwent ureteroscopic treatment and re examination of the imaging 1 d after surgery suggested intrarenal residual stone accumulation，in which group A underwent EPVL on postoperative day 3，group B underwent EPVL on postoperative day 10，and the control group underwent conventional natural lithotripsy. All patients were reviewed by color ultrasound or CT at 2 and 4 weeks after operation to compare the stone clearance rate and the incidence of complications among groups. Results?Two weeks postoperatively，the stone free rate（SFR）in group A was significantly higher than that in group B and control group. At 4 weeks postoperatively，group A had the highest SFR，which was not statistically significant compared with group B（P ＞0.05）.The SFR of group A and group B was significantly higher than control group. The incidence of postoperative adverse effects of group A and group B was lower than in the control group（P ＜ 0.05）. Conclusion?Ureteroscopy assisted by physical vibration lithotripsy can be used as early as day 3 after RIRS and is safe with few complications.