Objective?To investigate the effect of primary suture after laparoscopic common bile duct exploration in the treatment of extrahepatic bile duct stones and its complications. Methods?A total 60 patients with extrahepatic bile duct stones who were admitted to Wuxi Second People’s Hospital from June 2018 to June 2020 were selected as the research objects，and they were divided into two groups by means of single and double numbers，30 cases in each group. Both groups were under laparoscopy common bile duct incision and exploratory treatment，patients with single number were selected into the control group，T-tube drainage treatment after operation，patients with double number were included in the observation group，and one-stage suture treatment was performed after the operation. The relevant indicators during hospitalization complication rate and postoperative quality of life score of the two groups were compared. Results?Compared with the control group，the observation group had shorter operation time，less blood loss，earlier anal exhaust time，shorter drainage tube retention time and hospitalization time，and less bile drainage volume（P ＜ 0.05）；the complication rate of 6.67% in the observation group was significantly less than 33.33% in the control group（P ＜ 0.05）；the postoperative quality of life score of the observation group was significantly better than that of the control group（P ＜ 0.05）. Conclusion?For patients with extrahepatic bile duct stones，laparoscopic common bile duct exploration after primary suture can achieve ideal therapeutic effect，fewer complications，which is conducive to the late recovery of patients，promote them to reach the discharge index as soon as possible，so that the quality of life of patients can be comprehensively improved.