Objective To study the value of doctor-patient communication situational teaching mode in the standardized training of urology residents, and to provide reference for clinical training. Methods?Fifty-two resident physicians who received standardized training in the department of urology of Inner Mongolia People’s Hospital from January 2019 to December 2021 were selected as the study subjects, and divided into observation group (26 cases) and control group (26 cases) by random number table method. The doctors in the control group used the lecture-based learning (LBL) teaching method, and the doctors in the observation group used the doctor-patient communication situational teaching model. The scores of SEGUE, simulation scene assessment score, teaching quality and students’ satisfaction with the teaching were compared between the two groups before and after training. Results?After the training, the scores of doctors’ information collection, information giving, understanding of patients and ending consultation in the two groups were higher than those before the training (P ＜ 0.05). After the training, the scores of doctors in the observation group on giving information and understanding patients were higher than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.05). The scores of doctors in the observation group on conversation skills, adaptability, conversation content, humanistic care and conversation effect were higher than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.05), the scores and total scores of doctors in the observation group on cognitive domain, psychomotor domain and emotional domain were higher than those in the control group (P ＜0.05), and the satisfaction of doctors in the observation group on this teaching was higher than that in the control group (P ＜0.05). Conclusion?The application of doctor-patient communication scenario model in the standardized training of urology residents is conducive to improve the doctor-patient communication skills and communication ability of residents. Resident physicians believe that the teaching quality of this teaching model is high and the satisfaction of residents is high.