【Abstract】Objective?To explore the clinical effect of posterior cervical single door laminoplasty combined with nerve root canal enlargement in the treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy, and provide reference for clinical practice. Methods?80?patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy admitted to Nantong Ruici Hospital from January 2019?to January 2023?were selected as study subjects, divided into control group and observation group by random number table method, with 40?patients included in each group. Patients in the control group were treated with posterior cervical single door laminoplasty, while patients in the observation group were treated with nerve root canal enlargement on the basis of the control group. The clinical efficacy, postoperative related indicators, scores of pain evaluated by visual analogue scale (VAS) and occurrence of the complications between two groups of patients were compared. Results?The overall efficacy of the observation group was better than that of the control group, and the total effective rate was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). The spinal cord displacement distance of the observation group patients were greater than that of the control group, and the improvement rate of the Japanese orthopaedic association (JOA) score was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). The scores of pain evaluated by VAS of the two groups of patients at 3?months after surgery were lower than those at 1?month after surgery and before surgery, and the scores at 1?month after surgery were lower than that before surgery, and the score of the observation group was lower than the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the total incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups of patients (P>0.05). Conclusion?The treatment of posterior cervical single door laminoplasty combined with nerve root canal enlargement for cervical spondylotic myelopathy has a significant clinical effect. It can effectively relieve spinal cord and nerve root compression, improve neurological function and pain symptoms, and has ideal safety.