【Abstract】Objective?To investigate the efficacy and safety of insulin degludec and insulin aspart injection in type 2?diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with poor blood glucose control by oral hypoglycemic drugs, and to provide clinical reference. Methods?50 T2DM patients with poor blood glucose control by oral hypoglycemic drugs admitted to the First People’s Hospital of Taicang from June?2020?to August?2022?were selected as the study objects, and were divided into study group and control group according to random number table method, with 25?cases in each group. The patients in the study group were treated with insulin degludec and insulin aspart injection, and the patients in the control group were treated with insulin aspart 30?injection. The clinical efficacy, glucose metabolism indices [fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (2?hPG) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c)] and the incidence hypoglycemia were compared between the two groups. Results?There was no significant difference in overall efficacy and total effective rate between the two groups (P>0.05). After treatment, the levels of FPG, 2?hPG and HbA1c in two groups were decreased compared to those before treatment (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in the levels of FPG, 2?hPG and HbA1c between the two groups (P>0.05). The total incidence of hypoglycemia in the study group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion?In the treatment of T2DM patients with poor blood glucose control by oral hypoglycemic drugs, insulin degludec and insulin aspart injection and insulin aspart 30?injection have similar efficacy, and both can effectively control blood glucose, and the former has a lower risk of hypoglycemia and higher drug safety.