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全膝关节置换术中采用隐神经联合膝关节后囊间隙阻滞的 镇痛效果及安全性观察
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Analgesic effect and safety observation of saphenous nerve combined with infiltration between the popliteal artery and capsule of the knee block during total knee arthroplasty
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    摘要:

    目的 探讨隐神经阻滞( SNB)联合膝关节后囊间隙( IPACK)阻滞用于全膝关节置换术( TKA)患者的镇痛效果和安全性, 为临床提供参考。 方法 选取 2021 年 1 月至 2022 年 1 月德阳市人民医院收治的 60 例行单侧 TKA 患者为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为 对照组(采用 SNB 进行阻滞)和观察组(采用 SNB 联合 IPACK 阻滞),各 30 例。比较两组患者围术期指标、疼痛数字评价量表( NRS)评 分、膝关节活动度和不良反应发生情况。 结果 两组患者手术时间、麻醉持续时间比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);观察组患者术 后 48 h 内静脉自控镇痛( PCIA)按压频率少于对照组,镇痛补救占比低于对照组,首次下床时间、住院时间均短于对照组(均P<0.05)。两 组患者 NRS 评分具有时间、组间、交互效应差异。两组术后 72 h 低于术后 24 、 48 h,术后 48 h 低于术后 24 h 但高于术后 2 h,术后 24 h 高 于术后 2 h(均P<0.05)。两组患者膝关节活动度具有时间、组间、交互效应差异。两组术后 14 d 大于术后 1、 7 d,术后 7 d 大于术后 1 d 但 小于术前,术后 1 d 小于术前(均P<0.05)。两组患者不良反应总发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论 SNB 联合 IPACK 阻滞 用于 TKA 可提高术后镇痛效果、促进患者膝关节活动度恢复,安全性理想。

    Abstract:

    Objective To study the analgesic effect and safety of saphenous nerve block (SNB) combined with infiltration between the popliteal artery and capsule of the knee (IPACK) block in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA), to provide a clinical reference. Methods 60 patients with unilateral TKA admitted to Deyang People’s Hospital from January 2021 to January 2022 were selected as the study objects and divided into the control group (received SNB) and the observation group (received SNB combined with IPACK block), 30 patients in each group. The perioperative indicators, numerical rating scale (NRS) scores, knee range of motion and incidence of adverse reactions between two groups of patients were compared. Results There were no significant differences in operation time and duration of anesthesia between the two groups (all P>0.05). In the observation group, the press frequency of patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) within 48 h after surgery was lower than that in the control group, the proportion of analgesic relief was lower than that of the control group, and the time of first getting out of bed and length of hospital stay were shorter than the control group (all P<0.05). NRS scores between the two groups were different in time, group, and interaction effects, in both groups, NRS scores of postoperative 72 h were lower than postoperative 24 h and 48 h, postoperative 48 h were lower than postoperative 24 h and higher than postoperative 2 h, postoperative 24 h was higher than postoperative 2 h (all P<0.05). The knee range of motion between the two groups were different in time, group, and interaction effects, in both groups, postoperative 14 d was bigger than postoperative 1 d and 7 d, postoperative 7 d was bigger than postoperative 1 d but smaller than preoperative, postoperative 1 d was smaller than preoperative (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the total incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion The combination of SNB and IPACK block for TKA can improve postoperative analgesic effect, promote the recovery of knee joint mobility in patients, and have ideal security.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2024-06-18
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